2nd Edition of Agriculture, Forestry, and Horticulture World Conference 2026

Abstract

The agriculture sector of India is in a critical crossroad of food security and environmental sustainability management. Agricultural practice has applied unsustainable models in the history of agricultural practice, and which may lead to the degradation of soils, more water consumption, and the introduction of chemicals which are a threat to the viability of farming in certain regions over the long term. This study concentrates on the effects of the conventional types of agricultural activities on the health of soils, greenhouse gases, and water stress, and the reverse, the advantages of sustainable agricultural practices (SAP) like crop rotation, organic farming, and precision farming. The study through secondary published data and multiple regression analysis can capture the relationship between the use of fertilizer, water and the quality of soils. The result, although it is still preliminary proves that unsustainable practice has led to faster land degradation, but sustainable agricultural practice has provided nutrient values of healthier soil, improved water use and a stronger agricultural sector. Although there exist some forms of promotions regarding sustainability by government agencies, the unrealized and external market pressure, financial pressure, and lack of awareness, is not good enough to promote the widespread use of these innovations. Finally, the current paper also identifies the necessity of policies that could be used to tackle the engineering of sustainable agricultural transformation in India. Encouraging sustainable agriculture is not only required to achieve environmental sustainability, but also economic resilience as well as worldwide agricultural competitiveness.
Keywords: Agriculture, soil degradation, sustainability, crop rotation, conservation.